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Very Low-Frequency (VLF) systems for ground surveys. The VLF survey technique is a passive electromagnetic method that uti.. more

Very Low-Frequency (VLF) systems for ground surveys. The VLF survey technique is a passive electromagnetic method that utilizes distant, globally positioned transmitters to induce secondary responses in conductive geologic units to determine overlying conductive materials in the subsurface. less

Very Low-Frequency (VLF) systems for airborne / UAV surveys. The VLF survey technique is a passive electromagnetic method .. more

Very Low-Frequency (VLF) systems for airborne / UAV surveys. The VLF survey technique is a passive electromagnetic method that utilizes distant, globally positioned transmitters to induce secondary responses in conductive geologic units to determine overlying conductive materials in the subsurface. less

Frequency Domain EM (FDEM) is a technique in which electric and magnetic (EM) fields are induced into the ground by applyi.. more

Frequency Domain EM (FDEM) is a technique in which electric and magnetic (EM) fields are induced into the ground by applying AC signals at multiple frequencies via a transmitter coil and then analyzing the resulting electrical or magnetic response by a receiver coil. By observing the response as a function of frequency, you not only get a spectrum of how the material behaves dynamically, but also at depth. This data is usually represented by two components. The Quadrature which provides a direct reading of apparent soil conductivity and In-phase which measures magnetic susceptibility. System options include multi-frequency sensors for shallow lateral mapping and horizontal loop sensors for Slingram type profiling modes. FDEM offers an efficient way to map laterally with high spatial resolution across wide area sites. Common applications include environmental contaminant plume mapping, salinity, groundwater, agricultural, geotechnical and archaeological. less

Time-Domain EM (TDEM) is a geophysical technique in which electric and magnetic (EM) fields are induced by transient pulse.. more

Time-Domain EM (TDEM) is a geophysical technique in which electric and magnetic (EM) fields are induced by transient pulses of electric current generated by a loop of wire or coil and the subsequent decay response is measured by a receiver coil. These secondary EM fields are recorded as the induced energy diffuses deeper into the earth. The rate of diffusion indicates the resistivity of the subsurface materials and is quantified by measuring the change in amplitude of this EM field at a number of fixed times or channels which are measured as changes in voltages. TDEM offers an efficient way to map conductivity at depth with high spatial resolution as cross-sections are generated in a fraction of the cost and time compared to more traditional methods. Most common applications include environmental, groundwater, and mineral exploration. less

Proton magnetic resonance enables the direct detection and quantification of groundwater and allows for the estimation of .. more

Proton magnetic resonance enables the direct detection and quantification of groundwater and allows for the estimation of permeability, specific yield, pore size, and other properties. less

Software to visualize, process and interpret EM geophysical data.